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Statement by Sergei Martynov, Minister for Foreign Affairs of
the Republic of Belarus,
59th Session of the United Nations General Assembly
Distinguished Mr. President,
Distinguished Mr. Secretary - General,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Disturbing questions "Where is our world heading to?" and
"Where does the United Nations go?" have for decades been asked from this
high rostrum. At the dawn of the millennium these questions have been
getting ever more urgent.
The world has changed. The pendulum of history has swung towards new
violence. A wave of terror, local wars, ethnic conflicts which lead to
increased poverty and bigger disparity in the levels of development of
countries - these are not the ‘problems of the other guy’. These are common
global challenges for all of us.
What do we want our common home to look like? Above all, I think, secure -
where children would not die in terrorist attacks, of hunger, diseases, land
mines, "smart" bombs and missiles.
What should we do to achieve this? The answer is obvious: to create a
comprehensive system of international security – in all its aspects:
military, economic, environmental, social and informational. The system
based on the rule of law at home and in international relations. The answer
is obvious indeed, but the goal is hard to achieve.
In its statement at the last session of the General Assembly the Republic of
Belarus made primary stress on the need to ensure the rule of law in
international affairs. The fact that this idea in our current debate has
become so much recurring gives hope that this goal can be achieved.
Today no sane person can be indifferent to the abominable acts of terror by
which the beginning of this century was marked. We will not be able to do
away with this evil if we stick to the ‘business as usual’ mentality based
on selfishness and seeking unilateral advantages. We need unconventional,
long-term and comprehensive solutions. Who and how can ensure them? The
United Nations and its key role alone. The Counterterrorism Committee of the
UN Security Council should become a practical instrument of restraining the
expansion of international terrorism, strengthening the anti-terrorism
coalition under the aegis of the United Nations, overseeing the
implementation of requirements of the resolution 1373 and parting with the
practice of double standards in fighting terrorists and terror.
In a practical aspect the global war on terrorism under the UN flag might be
significantly assisted by the establishment of direct communication of the
Committee with regional organizations and the wider practice of the Security
Council open-ended ministerial meetings.
Yet this struggle will be a success only if its objective, shared by all, is
the creation of a just and humane world order. Belarus seeks to make its
comprehensive contribution to this struggle.
On March 1, 2004 the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling,
Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction
entered into force for our country. We have the world’s seventh largest
arsenal of such mines which we inherited from the former Soviet Union. We do
not produce, export or use antipersonnel land mines. Yet, guided by common
interests, we have ratified the Ottawa Convention and count on the
assistance of the international community in destroying this mine stockpile.
In a day we will deposit our instruments of ratification and accession of
the Republic of Belarus to such important international instruments in the
sphere of security as the International Convention for the Suppression of
the Financing of Terrorism and the Protocol against the Illicit
Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and
Ammunition Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational
Organized Crime.
Today, illegal migration, transnational crime, trafficking in drugs and in
persons, as well as ensuring the security of energy supply infrastructure
are among the most serious challenges. By dealing with these problems,
Belarus, which controls a major European crossroad, acts as an important
guarantor of stability in Europe.
Our country also plays a major role in the Eurasian transit of energy
resources. From this rostrum, we propose to all our neighbors, to the NATO
and to the European Union to engage in regional cooperation to secure
critical infrastructure installations: oil and gas pipelines, electrical and
nuclear power stations. Besides, there is such an important sphere of
cooperation as prevention of emergencies, including those caused by
terrorists. Belarus has already declared its readiness to detail to
international structures appropriate staff and resources.
The contribution of the Republic of Belarus to regional and international
security – starting with the nuclear and conventional disarmament in the
early 90s – continues to be sizeable and real. We appreciate the assistance
of international organizations and individual countries in improving our
border and customs installations. The effect of strengthening of this
infrastructure could be felt throughout the entire European region.
Double standards have become an ever-increasing problem not just in relation
to terrorism. This unsightly instrument is used, first and foremost, against
the states, such as the Republic of Belarus, which have the courage to
conduct independent foreign policy and not to succumb to the pressure of the
world centers of power. Leadership should not be mistaken for dictate, let
alone Messianism. For the time being this practice is primarily
characteristic of the Euroatlantic partnership but it is being forcefully
introduced by some countries in the United Nations as well. These efforts
endanger the stability and effectiveness of the UN system. Belarus calls on
all states, which are not indifferent to the role and independence of the
United Nations, to prevent this from happening.
Economic security is a crucial condition for sustainable development of
states. Yet this condition is far beyond the horizon for most of the
countries.
As the only European state in the Non-Aligned Movement, the Republic of
Belarus would like to stress the following: the “center-periphery” concept
based on opposing industrially developed countries to the developing states
is obviously in crisis. This concept hampers the search of a way out of the
economic development gap.
Only 7 out of 50 least developed countries have reached the level of 7 per
cent annual economic growth that is a precondition for reducing by half the
number of people living in absolute poverty by the year 2015. Every four
seconds one human being in the world dies of hunger. This figure has become
trite. Its triteness tells much about how awful the problem is and how awful
is the world’s indifference. The difficulty of the task must not prevent us
from seeking new ways of solving the problem of poverty. This is why Belarus
supports the initiative of the President of Brazil Luis Inacio Lula da Silva
on fighting hunger and poverty in the world. Despite the transition period
and the collapse of the integral economy on the vast territory of the former
USSR, our country was the first in this region to solve the problem of
malnutrition. According to the FAO statistics, the number of undernourished
people amounts to 2 per cent of the total Belarusian population. We wage a
resolute struggle to overcome poverty. The share of people in need in
Belarus has decreased twofold as compared to 1995 and amounted to about 20
per cent in 2004.
Notwithstanding its current difficulties of economic transformation, Belarus
undertakes economic stimulation measures with regard to the developing
countries. To the majority of them Belarus has unilaterally extended trade
preferences.
At the same time we are concerned with the possible lessening of attention
within the United Nations to the problems of the countries with economies in
transition. Belarus considers that the UN programs and funds play an
important role in assisting the countries with economies in transition. Yet
in today’s conditions when some states of the region are a part of the G8
and others by their economic indicators are not much ahead of the least
developed countries this assistance should be more targeted. In planning and
implementation by the UN bodies of country programs this means taking into
account the level of socio-economic development of countries and the degree
of their integration with international trade and financial institutions. We
intend to lay this approach in basis of the appropriate draft resolution of
the UN General Assembly. We count on the support by the Member States of
this resolution.
The problems of financing for development are extremely topical for
developing countries and countries with economies in transition. A two-day
high-level dialogue in the framework of the General Assembly is not enough
to ensure continuous monitoring of the progress in the fulfillment of the
Monterrey Consensus. For this it is necessary to establish a separate
functional ECOSOC committee.
Belarus is convinced that the review of fulfillment of the Millennium Goals
at the 2005 Summit in New York will give a serious impetus to all
initiatives aimed at stimulating economic growth in the developing countries
and the countries with economies in transition.
Bridging of the technological and informational gap between the developed
and developing nations should become our common concern.
At the World Summit on the Information Society in Geneva in 2003 President
of the Republic of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko persistently advocated the
creation under the aegis of the United Nations of a special fund to
compensate expenses of the software producers for supplying their products
to the developing countries at reduced prices. Formulation of the format and
the mechanism of work of such fund should be taken up by the task group in
the course of preparatory work for the follow-up summit.
Affected and still experiencing the effects of the Chernobyl disaster,
Belarus acutely realizes that mankind should not ignore the problem of
radiation safety. The aftermath of radiological disasters is out of
proportion – in its scale and duration – if compared to a human life span.
The UN should by all means preserve its focus on the problem of overcoming
the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. It is necessary to develop
further international Chernobyl cooperation, to provide UN support to the
national initiatives and to improve coordination mechanisms of Chernobyl
cooperation.
We support the activity of the International Agency on Atomic Energy aimed
at maintaining nuclear non-proliferation regime, strengthening of nuclear
and radiation safety. A look into the future and a search for ways of
providing people living in the contaminated areas with normal living
conditions will be the main subject of the international conference planned
to be held in Minsk in 2006 on the eve of a tragic anniversary of Chernobyl
disaster. We invite all interested states and international organizations to
take part in preparation and proceedings of this conference.
Distinguished Mr. President,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Not once the United Nations has been a subject of criticism. There have been
a lot of pessimistic assessments of its activities and potential. Many of
them have been fair enough. But let us simply face the truth: in the world
there is still no alternative to the UN as the most important collective
problem-solving mechanism – on a regional and global scale. Just as there is
no alternative to multilateral approaches. The reality convinces us of that
every day.
In view of this Belarus expects with a great interest the outcome of
deliberations of the High Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change.
As a Non-Aligned Movement member-state Belarus thinks it necessary that the
consolidated position of the Non-Aligned Movement is duly noted and taken
into account by the High Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change as it
works the proposals to increase the efficiency of the UN reform.
Elimination of misbalance between the Security Council membership and
membership of the United Nations as a whole, observance of the principle of
equitable geographical distribution of seats must form the basis of this
process.
We find it expedient to expand the category of non-permanent members with
due regard for the interests of all regional groups. Additional seats in the
category of permanent members of the UN Security Council should be allocated
to the countries of three developing regions – Asia, Africa and Latin
America and the Caribbean – as well as to two developed nations of Europe
and Asia which have made the most significant contribution to the
maintenance of international peace and security.
Mr. President,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I return to the anxious questions of "Where is our world heading to?" and
"Where does the United Nations go?"
The answer to the question ‘where the world will arrive’ should depend on
the United Nations. For the time being it is not so. It is sad but true. To
change this situation is within our powers and in our common interests – of
small and big states, of rich and developing countries. It is in the
interests of the united nations.
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